What al-ash
‘ari means by Istawa ‘alal- ‘Arsyi is that He has seated Himself on the
Throne which he has localized above the seventh, and for the matter of that
above the highest, heaven.
In support of
his contention, he has advanced numerous proofs of which only a few are given
here :
a)
Proof from the Qur’an.
“He
directeth the ordinance from the Heaven unto the earth.”
He Rules (all) affairs from the heavens to the earth : in the end
Will (all affairs) go up[1] To
Him, on a Day, The space where of will be (As) a Thousand years of your
reckoning.
Such is He, the Knower of all things, hidden And open, the Exalted
(in power), the Merciful.[2]
intend that business go up to it is have news to it brought
by angel. This sentence an analogy for highness of His supremacy and Allah.
“And Pharaoh said : O Haman ! Build for me a tower that haply I may
reach the roads of the heavens, and may look upon the God of Moses though
verily I think Him a liar. Here Pharaoh has falsified the statement of Moses
that Verily God is above the Heavens.
Pharaoh said : “ O Chiefs! No god do I Know for you[3]
But myself : therefor, O Hamman ! light me (kiln To bake bricks) out of clay,
and build me a lofty[4]
Palace, that I May mount up To the God of Moses : But as far as I am concerned,
I Think (Moses) is A Liar.
“Have ye taken security
from Him who is in the Heavens, that he will not cause the earth to swallow
you?” Here by the word as-sama’ (Heaven) al-Ash ‘Ari means al-‘Arsh (the
throne of god), which is above the seven heaven.
Do
ye feel secure That He Who is in Heaven Will not cause you To be swallowed up[5] By
the earth when it shakes (as in an earthquake)?
“If thou couldst see when they are set before
their Lord.” This
verse shows that God is not in His creatures nor are they in Him. And hence, He
must be sitting on His Throne.
If thou couldst but see When
they are confronted With their Lord. He will say : “ Is not This the truth ?” They will say : “ yea, by our Lord !”He will
say : “ Taste
ye then the Penalty, Because ye rejected Faith.”
If any do seek For glory and power,[6] to
God belong all glory and power. To Him mount up (all) words of Purity : It is
he Who exalts Each Deed of Righteousness. Those that lay Plots[7] Of
Evil, for them Is a Penalty terrible ; And the plotting of such Will be void
(of result)
Partly the expert interpret to say that good that word
is sentence tauhid that is Laa ilaa ha illallaah; and there is also telling
recitation to Allah and there is also telling all word which is both for said
by Because Allah.
His intention is that good word and the good that
charitable boosted up to be accepted and given by reward Him.
Behold ! God said ; “ O Jesus ! I will take thee[8]
And raise tee to my self And clear tee
(of the falsehoods)[9]
Of those Who blaspheme ; I will make those Who follow thee superior To those
who reject faith, To the Day of Resurrection : then shall ye all Return Unto
me, And I will judge Between you of the matters where in ye dispute.[10]
Nay,
God raised him up[11]
Unto Him self ; and God Is Exalted in Power, Wise;__
But ( what in fact), Allah Have lifted Jesus. and is Strong and
heroic Allah The most again Wise The most.
This sentence is as protest to ascription of Jew people, that they
Have killed prophet of Jesus a.s
b)
Proofs from the Tradition.
1.
Possibility of big is God
alight from His throne to lowest heaven in each night to see His slave is which
is asking for all kindliness of ,
and then says : “Is there any body to seek favour from me that may I give it
and is there any body to beg pardon of me that I may pardon Him” and so on
until the days down.
2.
In fact the the infinite do not differentiate among / between rich
with impecunious, what the white husk a dusky skinly, among / between ugly and
good. except only Godfearingly differentiating.
When one third of the night remains, God, and then says : “Who is there pray to
me that I May accept it ?
3.
Most effective time to pray is one-third night. That
He may be give it and take like until it
is morning.[12]
4.
There
is between his Thorne and the Heaven a distance of one thousand years journey
and God, may He be Exalted and High is above that.[13]
5.
That
verily God is on the Throne which is above the Heaven.
c)
Proofs from the Ijma’
1. Really the infinite of lord again the most anything, Which who He has
raised Jesus to the Heaven.
2. When they pray to God, all Muhammadan raise their hand
towards the Heaven because of the fact
that God, Which He has seated Himself on the throne which is above the seven
Heaven. No Doubt again that Muhammadan people in this world if medium pray
upturned sure his arms to for his sign that God at one's post most glorious.
Nothing there is no most glorious place besides his place.
3. When they pray to God against an impending calamity,
all A Muslims say : Dweller on the throne! That his sign that top-ranking God
at one's post.
4. When they swear they
all say : "By Him who screens Himself with the seven Haven.
d) Philological
Proof.
Hence, ‘istawa’ here cannot mean
‘istawla’, which of universal application. But what it can mean and must mean
is ‘sitting’, which elates to the particular application to the divine Throne
only.
e) Logical
Proof.
God is in every place, as he Mu
‘tazilites would have us believe.
The womb of the Virgin Mary and the
latrines are places.
God is in the womb of the Virgin Mary
and the latrines, a conclusion than which nothing can be more repugnant and
reprehensible to Islam.
[1] How
could the immense mystery of Time behind our ideas of it be enforced on our
minds better? Our day may be a thousand or fifty thousand years, and our years
in proportion. In the immense Past was god’s act of creation : it still
continues, for He guides, rules, and controls all affairs : and in the Immense
Future all affairs will go up to Him, for he will be the judge, and his
restoration of all values will be as in a day or an hour or the twinkling of an
eye ; and yet to our ideas it will be as a thousand years!
[2] God’s
attributes, then, may be summed up with reference to knowledge. Power and Mercy. Where our Knowledge is partial and
uncertain, his is complete and certain. Where our power often falls short of
the carrying out of our will, or needs the help of Time, His is complete and
conterminous with His Will. Where our mercy seems to be bounded by our opposed
to justice, His is absolute and unconditioned.
[3] Pharaoh
claimed, Himself, to be God, not only one God among many, but the only God : “
I Am your Lord Most High “ at any rate
he did not see Why his people should worship any one but Him.
[4] I
Understand his Speech to his minister Haman to be sarcastic. But some
commentators have taken it very seriously and imagined that he actually thought
of reaching the Heavens by building lofty towers.
[5] If
we feel safe on land, it is because god has made this earth amenable,
manageable, and serviceable to us. But if we defy God and break his Law, have
we any security, that even this comparatively unimportant safety in a fleeting
world will last? Looking at it from a purely physical point of view, have there
not been dreadful earthquakes, typhoons and tornadoes?
[6] Good and Evil
are to be distinguished sharply. No Good is ever lost : it goes up to the
Throne of God. The Humblest Good, in word or deed, is exalted to high rank. If
man seek for mere glory and power, there is no such thing apart from God. But
seeking God, we attain to the highest glory and power.
[7] It
is the nature of Evil to work underground, to hide from the light, to plots
against Righteousness ; but Evil inevitably carries its own punishment. Its
Plots must fail miserably. And eventually Evil itself is to be blotted out.
[8] Where
it is said that the jews neither crucified nor killed jesus. But that another
was killed in His likeness. The guilt of the Jews Remained, but jesus was
eventually taken up to God.
[9] Jesus
was charged by the jews with blasphemy as claiming to be God or the son of God.
The Christian adopted the substance of the claim. And made it the corner stone
of their faith. God clears jesus of such a charge or claim.
[10] All
the controversies about dogma and faith will disappear when we appear before
God. He will judge not by what we profess but by what we are.
[11] There
is difference of opinion as to the exact interpretation of this Verse. The
Words are: The Jews did not kill jesus, but God raised Him Up to Himself. One
School holds that Jesus did not die as usual human death, but still lives in
the body in Heaven ; another holds that h did die but not when he was supposed
to be crucified, and that his being “raised up” unto God means that instead of
being disgraced as a melafactor, as the jews intended, he was on the contrary
honoured by God as His Apostle.
[12]
in this hadist is said that by a the infinite alight from His
throne at one-third the night to listen His slave is which is any requesting
and also who so ever which request kindliness for hence the the infinite will
grant it because of by then is most
effective time.
[13]
Hadist He is for expressing that distance of is the His creature
and creator apart thousands of year to go through it, in consequence Is which
is glorious the most and high the most the degree.
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